The first nation to succeed in reaching the far east by sea

Portuguese were the first to explore the coasts of Africa in 1434. It helped further exploration of the Indian ocean. In 1498 Vasco de Gama a Portuguese explorer reached the Indian coast by sea. The technological innovations in ship design and compass made these discoveries possible. European trade played a major role to open the new world of the East.

the correct answer is “opportunity cost”. opportunity cost is what a company misses out because it decided in one option over another one. in this case, the company decided to invest in building a factory so it gave up another possible benefit or profit in order to achieve success with the factory.  

trade-off is not the correct answer since it is a situation in which you accept losing something in return for benefits in other areas.

and finally, consequence is a general term used to accept what it comes when you make a decision. it can be a positive or negative consequence depending if the decision you took was the correct one.