What were the most important social bonds and status relationships in pre-islamic society in arabia and how did they contribute to survival in the harsh desert environment?

i dont really know

explanation:

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".