In shifting to a defense policy based upon the concept of "flexible response," president kennedy was indicating that he had grave doubts about thevalue of which previous defense policy? a massive retaliationb collective securityc containmentd air power

richard nixon led the investigation that resulted in alger hiss being convicted of prejury.

d

explanation:

pope john paul ii ( his real name is karol wojtyla) and lech walesa ( the leader of the solidarity movement ) were both born in poland.

basic principles: federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, representative democracy, limited government, rule of law, individual rights and responsibilities, consent of the governed, majority rule, popular sovereignty, equal protection.