The james-lange theory of emotion states that

to experience emotion is to be aware of one's physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event.

Explanation:

According to this theory, emotion that we felt is a direct result of brain stimulation that occurs in response to external events that we face in our life.

When we experience that event, our brain will process that event and determine whether that event essentially good or bad for us. If that event is perceived as 'bad' for example, it will send signals to various part of our bodies (such as increasing our heart rate, increasing the tension of our organ)   that lead to the nauseating feeling that we felt when we receive a bad news.

the protestant reformation's started in 1517, disturbing the religious and political order in europe´s catholic countries. the outcome was the european wars of religion prosecuted in europe in the 16th, 17th and part of the 18th century. nonetheless, uprisings, territorial disputes, and great power conflicts were also causes of the wars.  

b. great plains

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