1. what has been the significance of a written alphabet to past societies? 2. how do historical maps archaeologists discover information about ancient societies? 3. how have ancient texts archaeologists learn more about the civilizations that left them? 4. what kinds of materials most ancient texts made of and how were they organized? 5. what are some of the significant texts that have been found from ancient times? critical thinking questions1. why did so many alphabets show evidence that they emerged from the proto-canaanite alphabet rather than each society showing evidence of a completely unique alphabet? 2. what hypothesis might you form if you discovered an ancient map with excellent detail of the coastline and nearby islands? 3. give an example from the unit that illustrates how an archaeological find can redefine or rewrite history.4. how do you think the destruction of the library of alexandria effected history? 5. what do defixiones tell us about human nature?

the answer is a new goverment.

the correct answer is buddhist practice and government structure

board of education v. earls, 536 u.s. 822 (2002), was a united states supreme court case in which the court upheld the constitutionality of mandatory drug testing by public schools of students participating in extracurricular activities. the legal challenge to the practice was brought by two students, lindsay earls and daniel james, and their families against the school board of tecumseh, oklahoma, alleging that their policy requiring students to consent to random urinalysis testing for drug use violated the fourth amendment to the united states constitution.

the student activities drug testing policy adopted by the tecumseh, oklahoma school district requires all middle and high school students to consent to urinalysis testing for drugs in order to participate in any extracurricular activity. two tecumseh high school students and their parents brought suit, alleging that the policy violates the fourth amendment. the district court granted the school district summary judgment. in reversing, the court of appeals held that the policy violated the fourth amendment. the appellate court concluded that before imposing a suspicionless drug-testing program a school should demonstrate some identifiable drug abuse problem among a sufficient number of those tested, such that testing that group will actually redress its drug problem, which the school district failed to demonstrate.

in a majority opinion delivered by justice clarence thomas, the court held that students in extracurricular activities had a diminished expectation of privacy, and that the policy furthered an important interest of the school in preventing drug use among students. this rationale was based on the precedent vernonia school district 47j v. acton (1995), which allowed drug testing for athletes. justice stephen breyer filed an opinion concurring in the court's judgment.