1. which of the following would not be included when calculating gross domestic product? a. goods sold in a particular country. b. the secondhand sale of used goods, c. houses built in a country. d. government spending on national defense

Among the options given on the question the correct answer is option B.

The secondhand sale of used goods .

Explanation: GDP is the Gross Domestic Product of a country which means the total production of a nation. GDP is counted annually.

The GDP is the addition result of the consumption,investment,government purchase and the result of export minus from import.So the GDP indicates the growth of the economy of a nation.But the production or sale of every product is not counted in the GDP.

Like as the things produced outside of the country, the secondhand sales of used goods, production of a intermediate product which is used in the final product, illegal products sell which is called as the black market.

So, the option 'The secondhand  sell of used goods 'is the answer.

The correct answer would be D, Government spending on national defense.

Explanation:

Gross Domestic Product GDP of a country is the value of goods and services produced in a country in one given year. It includes all the money generated from the sale of goods and from the services provided in an year. Goods sold in a particular country, secondhand sale of used goods and houses built and sold in a country, all come under the Gross domestic product of a country. But spending doesn't come under GDP. So option D i-e Government Spending on national defense won't be included while calculating the GDP of a country.

athenian democracy developed around the fifth century bc in the greek city-state (known as a polis) of athens, comprising the city of athens and the surrounding territory of attica, and is often described as the first known democracy in the world. other greek cities set up democracies, most following the athenian model, but none are as well documented as athens'.

it was a political system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills. participation was not open to all residents: to vote one had to be an adult, male citizen, i.e., not a foreign resident, a submissive or a woman, and the number of these was "probably no more than 30 percent of the total adult population."[1]

the longest-lasting democratic leader was pericles. after his death, athenian democracy was twice briefly interrupted by oligarchic revolutions towards the end of the peloponnesian war. it was modified somewhat after it was restored under eucleides; the most detailed accounts of the system are of this fourth-century modification rather than the periclean system. democracy was suppressed by the macedonians in 322 bc. the athenian institutions were later revived, but how close they were to a real democracy is debatable. solon (594 bc), cleisthenes (508/7 bc), and ephialtes (462 bc) contributed to the development of athenian democracy. cleisthenes broke up the power of the nobility by organizing citizens into ten groups based on where they lived rather than on their wealth.

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