What was the outcome of the opium wars? a) british missionaries were thrown out of china. b) british merchants were forbidden to trade in china. c) british opium addicts had to find new drug sources. d) british gunboats forced china to make major concessions.

Among the options given on the question the answer is option D.

British gunboats forced China to make major concessions.

Explanation: The Opium wars were a series of wars Between Britain and the Qing dynasty ruled China. British merchants were illegally selling opium in China in the 18th century. But during this time opium was strictly prohibited in the China. The king ordered many decrees against the opium. But the opium was illegally entering to China by the British merchants. So the king gave them a proposal of tea trade,but it didn't work out. So he forced to seize all storage of opium of British merchants. As a result the British king sent the gunboats and the war started. They attacked Canton and got the control. So the Chinese were defeated.

The treaty of Nanjing was signed. According to the treaty China gave Hong Kong to the British,opened five ports for the British Trade and gave  $21 million as indemnity.

After the second Opium war China opened trade with also other nation in the world.

So basically British Navy forced China to make major concessions.

location is the answer to this

from thales, who is often considered the first western philosopher, to the stoics and skeptics, ancient greek philosophy opened the doors to a particular way of thinking that provided the roots for the western intellectual tradition. here, there is often an explicit preference for the life of reason and rational thought. we find proto-scientific explanations of the natural world in the milesian thinkers, and we hear democritus posit atoms—indivisible and invisible units—as the basic stuff of all matter. with socrates comes a sustained inquiry into ethical matters—an orientation towards human living and the best life for human beings. with plato comes one of the most creative and flexible ways of doing philosophy, which some have since attempted to imitate by writing philosophical dialogues covering topics still of interest today in ethics, political thought, metaphysics, and epistemology. plato’s student, aristotle, was one of the most prolific of ancient authors. he wrote treatises on each of these topics, as well as on the investigation of the natural world, including the composition of animals. the hellenists—epicurus, the cynics, the stoics, and the skeptics—developed schools or movements devoted to distinct philosophical lifestyles, each with reason at its foundation.

with this preference for reason came a critique of traditional ways of living, believing, and thinking, which sometimes caused political trouble for the philosophers themselves. xenophanes directly challenged the traditional anthropomorphic depiction of the gods, and socrates was put to death for allegedly inventing new gods and not believing in the gods mandated by the city of athens. after the fall of alexander the great, and because of aristotle’s ties with alexander and his court, aristotle escaped the same fate as socrates by fleeing athens. epicurus, like xenophanes, claimed that the mass of people is impious, since the people conceive of the gods as little more than superhumans, even though human characteristics cannot appropriately be ascribed to the gods. in short, not only did ancient greek philosophy pave the way for the western intellectual tradition, including modern science, but it also shook cultural foundations in its own time.