What was the name given to gorbechev’s policy of political openness?

The name given to Gorbachev's policy of political openness was called "glasnost." This usually meant a sort of openness or transparency for politics, such as that the press and the public could attend court hearings and that the sentence would be read out in public.

it was the first amendment

mustafa ataturk thought nationalism in turkey would best be achieved by modernizing the country.