"[the services a monarch must provide for his people] consisted in the maintenance of the laws; a
strict execution of justice; and defending the state against its enemies. it is the duty of this
magistrate to pay attention to agriculture; it should be his care that provisions for the nation should
be in abundance, and that commerce and industry should be encouraged. he is a perpetual
sentinel, who must watch the acts and the conduct of the enemies of the if he be the first
general, the first minister of the realm, it is not that he should remain the shadow of authority, but
that he should fulfill the duties of such titles. he is only the first servant of the state."

according to the passage, who is the first servant of the state?

The correct answer is what is written in the Constitution is not open to interpretation 

Explanation: Strict constructionism is a way of interpreting the constitution. Constructionists only accept what is written and the way in which it was written. There is nothing beyond what is written and from his point of view, if it says that all people are equal and citizens of the United States then all people indeed, including African-Americans. For him, there is no interpretation that looks at deeper meaning, what is written is what is intended and that's why he is a strict constructionist. 

while it was true that the cotton gin reduced the labor of removing seeds, it did not reduce the need for slaves to grow and pick the cotton.

explanation:

before eli whitney's invention of the cotton gin, picking and cleaning cotton was a slow, labor-intensive job. workers, usually slaves, had to pick the seeds from the cotton fibers by hand. this invention made it possible to grow large amounts of cotton on big farms and make money.

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