Bill is from a rundown neighborhood where he lives with his mother and four brothers in poverty his brothers interactions with drugs and local gangs put him in jail but bill graduates from high school and received a scholarship to attend his local university what is the psychological protective factor that may have bill avoid violence

Looks like doesn't want to end up like his brothers. Bill is clear the drugs have a negative effect on anyone's body. Gangs are also Notorious for extreme Violence.` The dangers of the way his brothers lived kept him away from Violence. The Violence. It could harm him physically and mentally. Also doing something Illegal will effect your future because all crimes are kept in a record. Bill kept away from anything drug-like and dangerous.

they were the direct result of some cultural difussion.

in griswold v. connecticut (1965), the supreme court ruled that a state's ban on the use of contraceptives violated the right to marital privacy.