Progressives believed that

a) the government should follow a policy of social darwinism.

b) industrialization and urbanization caused many of society’s problems.

c) muckraking journalists should be put in jail.

The answer is B because  

Progressives believed that the growth of industries and the growth of cities caused social problems for our society.

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since most of current immigration into the u.s., both legal and illegal, is coming from latin america. it would be very difficult to imagine or rationalize a country my fellow citizens are trying desperately to flee into, would pose a threat to my prosperity or freedom. since the u.s. has a long history of intervention, but no record of permanent occupation, i would not feel oppression is the main objective.  

the largest free trade nation, along with the largest gdp in the world wanting to expand it's economic policy on us, and including us, could only be positive. the u.s. government has no interest in, or way of simply forcing american culture on us. and has no track record of it. other nations that adopted american social culture, or "americanization" did so voluntarily, mainly through the choice of allowing american businesses and u.s. citizens to come into their nations, as free operatives.

answer:

it caused mass african migration, african populations to grow, african empires to topple, and racism against slaves to emerge.