Which of the following describes a major cultural achievement of the classical greek
civilization

The correct answer is “a system of philosophy based on logic and argument.”

The sentence that describes a major cultural achievement of the classical Greek civilization is “a system of philosophy based on logic and argument.”

The Greeks were one of the most intelligent civilizations of his time. Most of the philosophers of the time came from Greece such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Those Greek philosophers used reason and logic to try to understand the world. Specifically, Socrates created an important method that uses critical thinking, reasoning, and logic.

The other options of the question were, b) equality between men and women of the same social class, c) the creation of one of the earliest monotheistic religions, and d) the establishment of the mandate of heaven ideology.  

social contract theory basically says that all individuals are born equal, and provided a god given right to consent to be governed. american government is based of this

thomas hobbes and john locke said that we are selfish, individualistic, and constantly at war with each other, therefore we need to be controlled. 

government is defined as the legitimate use of force to control human behavior within territorial boundaries, here comes in hobbes and locke.

hobbes takes the part about controlling human behavior. while locke takes the part of legitimate use of force, since force is not legitimate unless there is consent of the people. 

there are basically 3 goals of the government: 1) maintain order by protecting life and property. 2) providing public goods, those which are typically not provided by the public sector, such as roads and education. 3) promote equality be it political, opportunist or outcome equality.