Why did the far west attract many freedom

In terms of the Gold Rush, gold. In terms of other reasons: more land, property, search for a new life, and new jobs for slaves or free blacks.

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It was a change from Plantation life, the west had very open land, with plenty of resources for civilizations, animals, etc.

the second significant cause of the great migration was the desire of black southerners to escape segregation, known euphemistically as jim crow. rural african american southerners believed that segregation - and racism and prejudice against blacks - was significantly less intense in the north.