What are some of the changes and progress made for women and african americans?

Basic human rights have increased for both; at one point African American individuals were enslaved, at one point they were even only counted as 3/5's of a person while determining a state's population. Now, of course, they have the right to vote and are generally respected as much as any other person. Women also face less discrimination and have more career opportunities and less things blocking their path. The gender pay gap has decreased and generally women have the same opportunities as men. Of course, racism and sexism still exists, but the strides that we've made are extraordinary. I hope that helps!

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.