How did technology advancements change manufacturing methods during the industrial revolution

he supported the seperation of church and state. he also promoted religious tolerance.

mustafa ataturk thought nationalism in turkey would best be achieved by modernizing the country.

the amount of the purse is, $120.

tax rate =9%

first find the the total tax she paid on the amount is equal to the 9% of $120 i.e,

now,

total amount paid by shalika = $120 +$10.8 = $130.8

islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation. however, in the modern contexts of muslims minorities in non-muslim countries as well as secularised muslim states like turkey, indonesia and bangladesh, religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal shapes.

compared to religious leaders/clerics of the other abrahamic faiths, islamic clergy are said to resemble rabbis and not priests. unlike catholic priests they do not "serve as intermediaries between mankind and god",[1] have "process of ordination",[2] or "sacramental functions",[1] but instead serve as "exemplars, teachers, judges, and community leaders," providing religious rules to the pious on "even the most minor and private" matters.[1]