Compare and contrast the economies of coastal countries in africa. choose two to three countries, and write a short paragraph that explains the influence of government on the structure of economies. how are free market and non-free market economies represented in africa?

For this essay, we will be looking at three countries on Africa's coastline, 1)Madagascar 2)South Africa 3) Mozambique.

Madagascar

Madagascar is considered to be the fourth biggest island globally, she is also the country with the longest coastline in Africa. It is located on the eastern side of Mozambique, and it covers an area of 587,040 square kilometers with a coastline of 4,828 kilometers long.

The economy of Madagascar is a market-based economy and is sustained by Madagascar's well-established agricultural industry and rising tourism, textile, and mining industries. Malagasy agriculture produces tropical staple crops such as rice and cassava, as well as cash crops such as vanilla and coffee. In 2017 Madagascar GDP per capita was $1,600, despite the political crisis of 2002, the country's economy is picking up slowly, but steadily.

South Africa

South Africa has the third longest coastline in Africa, which is 2,798 kilometers long, and the country sits on the southern tip of the continent.

With a GDP per capita of $6,160 in 2017, the economy of South Africa is said to be the second largest in Africa, behind Nigeria. It is one of the most industrialized countries in Africa and was rated as an upper-middle-income economy by the World Bank. South Africa's Gross Domestic Product also tripled to peak at $400 billion in 2011 but has since declined to roughly $295 billion in both 2016 and 2017. In the same period, foreign exchange reserves increased from $3 billion to nearly $50 billion creating a diversified economy with a growing and sizable middle class. Though the poverty and unemployment rate in the country is a bit high, the government is, however, taking drastic measures to curb the situation.

Mozambique

Mozambique's coastline stretches across the Indian Ocean for a length of 2,470 kilometers long. It is said to have interesting and luxurious resorts that attract tourist from all over the world.

With a GDP per capita of $1,200, the economy of Mozambique has developed since the end of the Mozambican Civil War (1977–1992), however, the country is still one of the world's poorest and most underdeveloped.  Agriculture is the backbone of the economy and the country has a high potential for growth in the sector. Agriculture employs more than 80 percent of the labor force and provides livelihoods to the vast majority of over 23 million inhabitants.

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