Began during presidency of john q. adams tariff of 1828 and 1832 states’ rights versus federal authority john c. calhoun’s ‘proclamation to the people of south carolina’ concluded during the presidency of andrew jackson which event are these characteristics describing?

These events are characteristics of the Nullification Crisis.

The Nullification Crisis was a confrontation between the state of South Carolina and the federal government over the attempt to declare null and void within the state. The doctrine gained strength with the Southern bitterness over the Tariff of 1828 and the Tariff of 1832 - that slightly modified 1828 one. The South Carolina legislature adopted the Ordinance of Nullification that declared the tariffs bull and void.  In 1831 President Andrew Jackson issued his “Proclamation to the People of South Carolina” asserting the supremacy of federal government and warning that disunion by armed force is treason”.

for the 2 countries u can do china and america because america has a democratic government while china has a communist government.

a democracy is a government run by the people either by directly voting or indirectly by electing representatives. an oligarchy is a government run by a few or a small group of people. a democracy and oligarchy are similar because both in an oligarchy and an indirect democracy, a small group of induvial determine the laws for a large group of people they are different because in an oligarchy it is easier to control and they do not have to answer to a large number of people in the country, unlike a democracy where they do have to answer to a large number of people an county that is a democracy would be the united states. a country that is an oligarchy would be the china.