The belief that only a small number of people hold power is derived from what kind of theories a) communist b) proletariat c) elitist d) marxist

C: Elitist

Elitism is the belief that only a small group of people should hold power, e.i., the elite few. Hope this helps! :)

b: the establishment clause  

b: socialism  

its many islands, high mountains, and remote peninsulas isolated population centers.