An important factor in range wars was that

The Range Wars were conflicts that arose in the 1800s and early 1900s in the American West, where the settlers fought among themselves for the land without boundaries, called "open range", where they took their cattle to graze. These wars were common until the sanction of the Taylor Grazing Act in 1934.

In these conflicts the use of the barbed wire was of vital importance, which served for many settlers to delimit their territories.

gaius cassius longinus and marcus junius brutus, former enemies of julius caesar who'd joined the roman senate, led caesar's assassination, dubbing themselves "the liberators." and the second one is   the assassination of julius caesar was the result of a conspiracy by many roman senators led by gaius cassius longinus, decimus junius brutus albinus, and marcus junius brutus. they stabbed caesar (23 times) to death in a location adjacent to the theatre of pompey on the ides of march 15 march 44 bc.

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.