Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive imposed."

The answer is: Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed.

The Eighth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States establishes that bonds, fines and punishments must be fair and humane.  

For example, in Georgia, the Supreme Court ruled in 1972 that the death penalty, as applied at that time, violated this amendment. The court affirmed that the death penalty was cruel and unusual punishment because it was not applied fairly.

in mcculloch v. maryland (1819) the supreme court ruled that congress had implied powers under the necessary and proper clause of article i, section 8 of the constitution to create the second bank of the united states and that the state of maryland lacked the power to tax the bank.

gibbons v. ogden, (1824), was a landmark decision in which the supreme court of the united states held that the power to regulate interstate commerce, granted to congress by the commerce clause of the united states constitution, encompassed the power to regulate navigation.

d) the lindbergh baby kidnapping

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