What are two ways the u. s. constitution keeps the central government from being to powerful?

The first is that the Executive branch has a term limit associated with it. This ensures that no one Chief Executive can amass too much power or rule for too long.

The second is America's ingenious system of checks and balances which works to ensure that there are three co-equal branches of government instead of one lead branch and two subservient branches of government.

this means that germany had to pay the allied countries. reparations are/is essentially payment for something that they have done wrong, so after ww1, germany was forced to pay reparations so they could replenish the allied countries resources' that they had lost during the war.