Sudan’s many years of civil war have resulted from conflicts between

Muslim Arabs, and Christian and animist Africans.

Explanation:

Religion is the central factor in Sudan’s civil war. The North, with most of Sudan's land and population, is Muslim and Arabic-speaking, and their religion and language are both fundamental for their identity. On the other hand, the South´s identity is indigenously African, with Christian and Western influences.

the answer is a) james madison.

the answer is c, all the other options are things they are known for.

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