What factors were occurring in the late 19th century that led to the development of new political ideologies such as socialism? what is socialism?

1) both gandhiji and bhagat singh believed in ‘inquilab’. however, both of them differed in their strategy to bring about ‘inquilab’. find out a. what does ‘inquilab’ mean? b. what was the strategy followed by the two leaders in bringing about ‘inquilab’? answer it quickly pls