Who started the two rival political groups?

Rising out of the Federalist v. Anti-Federalist debates, it featured two national parties competing for control of the presidency, Congress, and the states: the Federalist Party, created largely by Alexander Hamilton, and the rival Democratic-Republican Party formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison.

Coalition is a group of people with a common interest upon which every political party depends.

1796-1824: The first party system.

-Madison warned of 'factions.'

-Federalist: first political party.

1828-1856: Jackson and the Democrats versus the Whigs.

-Modern party founded by Jackson.

-Whigs formed mainly to oppose Jacksonian Democrats

1860-1928: Two Republican eras.  

-Rose as antislavery group.

-1896 election centered on industrialization.  

1932-1964: The New Deal Coalition.

-Forged by the Democrats.

-Urban working class, ethic groups, Catholics, Jews, the poor, and Southerners.

1968-Present: Era of Divided Party government.

-Divided government is when one party controls Congress and the other controls the White House.  

-Divided government was due to:

*Party dealignment: disengagement of people from parties as evidenced by shrinking party identification.  

*Party neutrality: people are indifferent to the two parties.

a drastic rise in oil prices ended decades of postwar.