Which of the following events led to brazil’s independence? a. getúlio vargas' overthrow of the government b. the liberation of enslaved afro-brazilians c. simón bolívar's uprising d. napoleon's invasion of portugal

The correct answer is D. Napoleon's invasion of Portugal led to Brazil's independence.

Explanation:

In 1807, the French army invaded Portugal, which refused to adhere to the continental blockade against the United Kingdom. Unable to resist this attack, the royal family and the Portuguese government fled to Brazil, which was then the richest and most developed of the Lusitanian colonies. The installation of the court in Rio de Janeiro brought a series of political, economic and social transformations which led to the decision of the regent Jean de Portugal to make the country a kingdom associated with its former metropolis in 1815.

In 1820, a liberal revolution broke out in Portugal and the royal family was soon forced to return to Lisbon. Before leaving, however, the sovereign appointed his eldest son, Prince Pierre, regent of Brazil in 1821. Faithful to his father, the prince saw his policy complicated by the will of the Portuguese Courts to bring Brazil back to its former status as a colony. The Portuguese armed forces, commanded by Jorge Avilez then tried to make the regent a mere puppet, but Pierre managed to quell their uprising. On September 7, 1822, the prince launched the “Cry of Ipiranga” and proclaimed the independence of Brazil.

from the conditions of the working class in england by friedrich engels,the main idea is :