Did the crusades cause the renaissance?

The crusades enabled Europe to come in contact with the Islamic World. Yes it did technically cause the renaissance, the crusades didn't just enable contact but interactions.

Hope this helped.

freedom of speech is also protected by the 1 amendment.

explanation:

here is pretty much what the 1st amendment says:

congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

c. troops marched forward in close formation against newer, more accurate weapons