What factors encouraged and which impeded the formation of a national identity?

National identity is defined as a sense of a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, and language.

Encourage factors:

Impeded factors:

the great wall of china worked as a defense for the feudal states of the zhou dynasty to the north. during the warring states period more walls were put up to defend the borders of the different kingdoms. it was semi successful because despite the wall, the mongols eventually conquered china also the great wall provided protection to the economic development and cultural progress, safeguarded the trading routes such as the silk road, and secured transmission of information and transportation. @jayxboof

either b) they were often feared and despised by other native cultures. or

c) their obsession allowed them to coexist with many other native cultures because of their peaceful nature.