Which of the following events are correlated but do not necessarily have a causal relationship? a. a dog snarls and barks at a baby, who immediately starts crying. b. a student stays up late doing homework, and he is very tired the next morning. c. a rope climber lets go of her rope, so she quickly falls to the ground. d. a teacher drops a box of chalk, and her chalkboard cracks a few minutes later.

The best option from the list would be "D. A teacher drops a box of chalk, and her chalkboard cracks a few minutes later," since the first event did not cause the second event. 

The three steps before modern english were indo-european, germanic, and old english. as peoples moved around the eurasian continent, their languages changed. throughout the ages, the languages became more specialized. as english has many germanic influences, it is easy to see how this was one of the forebears. also, old english was one of the main ancestors of the modern language, spoken in the 5th through about the 13th centuries.