Who most inspired the colonist and thomas jefferson to overthrow terrence and oppression?

John Locke was  a political philosopher that highly inspired Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson thought that any government that is bound for oppression should be overthrown. This resounds Locke's philosophy "if a government cannot guarantee life, liberty and property then it should cease to exist."

freedom of speech is also protected by the 1 amendment.

explanation:

here is pretty much what the 1st amendment says:

congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.