How did islamic civilization first develop

"As the Muslims spread their rule across North Africa into the Iberian Peninsula, through the Middle East, into the lands of the Byzantine Empire, and eastward throughout Persia and India, they came in contact with many different peoples and cultures. The result was a new civilization grounded in Islam but incorporating elements from many other cultures, which the Muslims in turn expanded and passed on in a cycle of cultural exchange." Courtesy of: Core Knowledge

answer: representation of human experiences

explanation:

they lost control of territory in the middle east, but preserved turkey's political independence.