Who won the harsh penalties for the south and full rights given to blacks including the right to vote

Well if we are talking about voting rights and equality, that would be Martin Luther King. He set equality for black people while Abraham Lincoln had just freed them decades earlier.

C.before he invaded rome

It developed as a reaction to the impact of european colonialism in africa on peoples of african descent. in the  mid-20th century, activists in africa adopted pan-africanism as a rallying cry for independence from colonial rule. some african pan-africanists sought to unite the continent as one independenthope it was useful