The first trenches that were cut into a 500-acre site at tell hamoukar, syria, have yielded strong evidence for centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the middle east that were arising simultaneously with but independently of the more celebrated city-states of southern mesopotamia, in what is now southern iraq.

The answer would be: e) cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence that centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arose simultaneously with but

The name of the game is the process of elimination. Nonetheless, you have to go through the text in an analytical manner when the sentences get very technical, very long or disengaging. The verbs, pronouns and the connections to and from the underlined part are the best words to compare.

mass production/ assembly line production

question:  

the chart compares religious beliefs to us political party support.

religious beliefs and party support, 2012

this chart demonstrates that

a) more highly religious people supported the republican candidate, while more nonreligious people supported the democratic candidate.

b) more highly religious people supported the democratic candidate, while more nonreligious people supported the republican candidate.

c) more moderately religious people supported the republican candidate, while more nonreligious people supported the democratic candidate.

d) more moderately religious people supported the democratic candidate, while more nonreligious people supported the republican candidate.

answer: a.