Each kidney contains nephrons that filter the blood and remove waste

Each kidney includes several nephrons that are responsible for the filtration of blood and the removal of waste.

Further Explanation:

A nephron is the functional and histological component of the kidney. It is a tube-like structure with enlarged terminal ends. It includes Bowman’s capsule, proximal tubules, distal tubules and loop of Henle.

• Bowman’s capsule: It is a double-walled capsule adjacent to the glomerulus. The glomerular capillaries filter the blood depends on their particle size. The filtrate then enters into Bowman’s capsule.

• Proximal tubules: It is a long segment that helps in regulating the pH of the filtrate by substituting the hydrogen ions.

• Loop of Henle: It is a U-shaped part of the tubules. This region helps in the maximum absorption of sodium chloride and water from the urine.

• Distal tubule: This region is located in the downstream of the macula densa. It is the shortest region of the nephron. It plays a fundamental role in several homeostatic processes, including the reabsorption of sodium chloride and potassium secretion.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Health

Chapter: Urinary system

Keywords:

Kidney, nephron, structure, Bowman’s capsule, proximal tubules, distal tubules, a loop of Henle, hydrogen ion, sodium chloride, homeostatic.