Thirty people are selected for a long-term mission to colonize a planet many light years away from Earth. The mission is successful and the population rapidly grows to several hundred individuals. However, certain genetic diseases are unusually common in this group, and their gene pool is quite different from that of the Earth population they have left behind. Which of the following phenomena has left its mark on this population?

a) gene flow
b) natural selection
c) high rates of mutation
d) founder effect
e) bottleneck effect

You are staying at a friend's house, and your friend wants to sneak out of the house to go to a party down the street. you really do not want to do this and don't want your friend to do this, either. too many things could go wrong. this is a good time to demonstrate your refusal skills. first, list the four essential components of effective refusal. (4 points) then demonstrate how you would use the essential components to communicate your refusal to your friend. (8 points) finally, list three possible consequences of sneaking out of the house and going to the party. (3 points)