Which of the following statements about chronic versus acute exposure is true?
a. A person has experienced acute exposure if the exposure was at high levels for a long period of time.
b. Acute exposure to a toxicant is more difficult to study than chronic exposure.
c. A person getting an x-ray is experiencing chronic exposure to radiation, whereas the radiologist is trying to minimize levels of acute exposure.
d. Safe levels for chronic exposure to a toxicant are lower than safe levels for acute exposure.
e. Chronic levels of toxicant are assessed for individuals with chronic conditions such as arthritis.