Dean and Dale are identical twins, but their personalities are decidedly different. Dean is an optimist (the glass is half full, maybe even more), whereas Dale is a pessimist (the glass is half empty, if it's got anything in it at all). Dean has been reading about the shift-and-persist technique, though, and he's convinced that it could help Dale reduce his negativity and stress. Which of the following strategies is not a shift-and-persist technique?

Since, the options are not given the question is incomplete, but according to me the correct answer should be:

Criticize others' mistakes so that they will change their ways.

Explanation:

The shift and persist is a technique which is used to elevate the socio-economic status of people. This involves the reframing of the stressors so that the people think more positively in adverse situations. This emphasis that people must not left their hopes while dealing with difficult situations and remain optimistic.

According to the given situation, Dean should not criticize Dale and this will affect oppositely to the shift- and-persist technique and the technique will not have any effect on reducing the negativity and stress and the criticism will increase tendency of more negativity.