It's easier to train a pigeon to peck a disk for a food reward than to flap its wings for a food reward. this illustrates the importance of in learning. a) primary reinforcers b) generalization c) spontaneous recovery d) biological predispositions

Biological predisposition

Explanation:

Biological predisposition - it is referred to the quality of individuals who may be human, animal or plant, which increase the chances to developed some habit or patterns and this is based on genes that the subjects are inherited from their parents.

The chances of Biological predisposition is higher in the identical twin rather than fraternal twins.

answer; (c) all the above