Children in a group home receive up to three tokens at the end of each day. they get one if they have completed their homework, one for completing chores, and one for cooperating with others. if they swear at, or hit, a staff member or one of the other children, they lose a token. if they earn twelve or more tokens by friday, they may trade them in to go out to eat or to go see a movie. the kind of reward system used by the home is called a token economy. which of the following elements of operant conditioning are at play here?

Positive reinforcement and negative punishment.

Explanation:

As you can see in the question above, children are encouraged to have good behaviors such as completing their homework, completing tasks and helping others. When they complete these factors they earn points that will generate a reward in the future. This encourages these children to always maintain desirable behavior. For this reason, we can say that this is an example of positive reinforcement, since this is the term used to describe the use of rewards to maintain desirable behaviors.

However, when these children do not maintain these desired behaviors, they lose points, which prevents them from receiving the rewards. This is an example of negative punishment, which is the term used to describe a situation where something advantageous to an individual is taken away as a way to discourage unwanted behavior.