When institutionalized mentally ill people were encouraged to take part in pleasurable activities such as reading, painting, or drawing, the rationale behind this idea was that these activities contributed to the successful treatment of the mentally ill such activities would keep the patients calm and less likely to be disruptive the staff of the institutions did more work when the patients were busy such activities could be offered as rewards for good behavior

The rationale behind the idea of encouraging mentally ill people to take part in creative activities is of Creativity and Recovery.

Explanation:

The therapy of Art can be relaxing for a stressful mind. Activities like painting, reading can be very beneficial for people who are mentally ill or unstable. It gives them a way to be confident and to discover their own self that they were lacking because of their illness.

It encourages them to think that they too can accomplish something like normal people. It leads them to express their inner feelings making the stress release from them. These activities proved to be beneficial for mentally sick people and it diverted their attention from being destructive to constructive.  

a mother eats twice as much to support her growing fetus

limiting sugar intake in a mother with gestational diabetes, switching from diving to swimming.   depending on whether the patient is normal weight, over weight or gain will differ depending on that.

this would and i think the answer is d