Which of the following polity had the most complex social structure? band state chiefdom tribe

Chiefdom

Explanation:

A chiefdom is a state of the political organization in the non-industrial society based on the kingship which forms the leadership in the monopolized by the state and is redistributed society with a permanent central agency of the coordination.  As they can have 2 or 3 triers of political authority. wth the nobles are distinguished from the commoners and doe engage in the forms of the agricultural production.

Mantle convection is the process that drives plate tectonics. the theory of plate tectonics states that the crust is divided into plates that float on the semi molten mantle below. the circular motion of the magma as it slowly rises and falls or move though convection cells drags the plates along causing them to move. the heat source in the lamp would represent the earth's core. the core is the source of energy that drives convection in the mantle. the lava represents molten magma under the earth's surface. if the lava lamp had floating pieces they would move as the circular motion of the lava in the lamp as it rises and falls would move them along the surface. these floating pieces would represent pieces of the earth's crust.