What is the difference between a solstice and an equinox? using three or more complete sentences, describe the reasons why these days are unique.

    Solstice and equinox are astronomical phenomena related to the apparent movement of the sun (incidence of sun rays in the hemispheres) and the beginning of the seasons.

    The solstice represents the moment when the sun, along its apparent movement, reaches a greater declination in latitude than the equator. This causes one hemisphere to receive a higher incidence of sunlight. When the solar intensity is higher in one of the hemispheres, the summer solstice is characterized. In contrast, when the solar intensity is lower, the winter solstice is characterized.

    Thus, when it is summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, the sun shines perpendicularly on the Tropic of Cancer. When it is summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, the sun shines perpendicularly over the Tropic of Capricorn.

    On summer solstice, days are longer than nights. Already in the winter solstice, the nights are longer than the days.

    Equinox represents the moment when none of the poles are inclined to the sun, which falls directly on the equator line. This means that the sun's rays strike with equal intensity in both hemispheres, consequently, the days and nights have the same duration.

    The equinox occurs at two times of the year. In March, it marks the beginning of spring in the northern hemisphere and autumn in the southern hemisphere. Already in September, the equinox marks the beginning of autumn in the northern hemisphere and spring in the southern hemisphere.