The mercator projection, which you read about, is a popular map for plotting courses. what one characteristic of this projection remains true or undistorted no matter where you are on a map of this type?

One of the Characteristic is The rhumb lines are constant.
On every Mercator projection maps, any rhumb line will always be a straight line; witht he assumption that the map had 360 degrees of longitude)
The projection of south and north pole on this projection  occur at infinity.

Earth is passing saturn in its orbit, with both planets on the same side of the sun

The answer would be a.