Whats the name of the parallel at 66.5 degrees north latitude

Which barrier to economic development is shown in the following examples?

In an effort to japan recover from the devastating effects of the 1929 depression, japanese military leaders in the 1930s formed an alliance with nazi germany negotiated more trade treaties with the soviet union closed its doors to western trade adopted a policy of imperialist expansion

What are some of the impacts of humans on the earth?