All muslims are required to make a pilgrimage once in their lives to the holy site of

a. the dome of the rock
b. jerusalem
c. mecca
d. the mount of olives

That is false, all Muslims that can financially make the pilgrimage to the holy site of Mecca are required. The holy pilgrimage to Mecca, also called Hajj, is one of the 5 pillars of Islam.
So, C.

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The scientist can conclude that there is a decrease in the natural resources due to human activities. because of innovation and modernization of the environment, then there goes pollution and other bad effects that destroys the natural resources.