Because alaska and great britain are at similar latitudes on our planet, do they have similar climates?

Your answer is no. They are both cold and they both snow. But not as much in Great Britain. It rains a lot there. Climates depend on more than just latitude. The elevation in Alaska is higher than Great Britain. Therefore, it snows there a lot more than Great Britain. They also have different plants there that can withstand more cold or precipitation.
Hope I helped. ;)