Which part of our earth is broken into plates ?

The outer layer of the earth is broken into plates, If you search up a map of tectonic plates you'll see

It is the doctrine that the us had the right and duty to expand throughout north america. it just means they believed they had the right to expand westward and they did! they stated with the 13 colonies and then they kept moving gaining different territories throughout the years

Answer (d) may increase or decrease porosity through dissolution or deposition;