2. what had driven the conquistador francisco pizarro across the atlantic ocean in 1532? how many ounces of sliver were extracted from south america over 250 years of spanish rule?

3. why was the gold and silver from the new world unable to halt spain's economic decline in the 16th and 17th century? what did the spaniards never get (about money)?

b. niger

explanation:

the first phase of the government’s plan for settlement was building the transcontinental railroad. the railroad provided a way to bring settlers and manufactured goods west and ship their agricultural and mining produce east. the transcontinental railroad was an essential artery for rapid development of the frontier.

the second phase of the government’s plan was a liberal land distribution policy that made it possible for many people to homestead. with these two key elements—transportation and cheap land—the government rapidly achieved its goal of persuading people to move west, settle on farms, and push back the frontier.