When the region that had been British India gained independence after World War II, Hindus and Muslims could not agree on a government, so the subcontinent was partitioned. Where there was a Hindu majority, that would become India. Where there were Muslim majorities, those places became Pakistan. One immediate effect of the partition was that... millions were displaced, as Hindus tried to leave Pakistan for India, and Muslims tried to leave India for Pakistan, amid bloody rioting.

the economy of the Subcontinent boomed, as export prices of jute and cotton rose.

the Indian Subcontinent, without British rule, entered into a long period of peace and prosperity for Hindus and Muslims alike.

after a brief interval, the British decided that the Indian Subcontinent was incapable of self-government, and imposed another fifty years of colonial rule.