What was the Permian extinction?

Many geologists and paleontologists contend that the Permian extinction occurred over the course of 15 million years during the latter part of the Permian Period (299 million to 252 million years ago). However, others claim that the extinction interval was much more rapid, lasting only about 200,000 years,

the roman republic began to expand when rome fought the punic wars and defeated carthage. the punic wars refer to the series of 3 wars fought among rome and carthage, before it ended in carthage's defeat.