34. Gerard Helman and Steven Ratner have identified countries that they call "failed nation-states," including Cambodia, Liberia, Somalia, and Sudan. Helman and Ratner argue that the governments of these countries were
maintained in power during the Cold War era through massive military and economic aid from the United States
or the Soviet Union. With the end of the Cold War, these failed nation-states have sunk into civil wars, fought
cmong groups who share language, religion, and other cultural characteristics. What obligations do other
countries have to restore order in failed nation-states?